A floor that is either partially or completely underground is called a basement. A basement needs to be managed and designed a little differently from the rest of the house. Humidity management is even more important in a basement compared to above-ground floors.
Basement bathrooms need exhaust fans when there is a shower or a bathtub in the room. In toilets, without showers, a ductless bathroom fan is an acceptable option. Although building codes allow a window for ventilation, in most cases it is not practical.
The exhausts the unwanted humidity and prevents mold growth. The most important thing to remember is that the exhaust fan must be vented to the outside through an outer wall or through the roof( very uncommon unless there is an existing ventilation duct present)
Let’s find out why it is important to exhaust moist air out of the house and in which case you can get away with a ductless bathroom fan.
Why Do I Need an Exhaust Fan in a Basement Shower?
Moisture tends to percolate into walls and floors through the cavities present in them and cause heavy damage. It can trigger and promote the formation of mold, usually obvious by its greenish color. Paint and wallpapers are also impacted and start to peel off bit by bit.
Wooden objects present in the bathroom, or even in the adjacent rooms, may also start to rot as a result. This is due to the Moistures’ ability to seep through closed spaces and traverse to other areas. It may also result in water leakage and water stains.
Generally, the most damage will be done to the room directly above the unventilated bathroom.
The leftover miasma from cleaning products can be very dangerous for health if breathed in. Bathrooms can also get quite smelly, due to the obvious reasons 🙂 A bathroom exhaust fan is excellent at removing all kind of smells, be it the chemical or natural kind.
These factors contribute to respiratory diseases and allergies and can cause itching and sneezing. That is why Exhaust fans are an absolute necessity when it comes to Basement showers. Special attention also needs to be given to where it is placed and where it is vented to.
Does a Bathroom Toilet Need a Vent (if There Is No Shower)?
If a bathroom does not have a shower, then there won’t be much moisture to get rid of. In this case, a vented bathroom fan is not a requirement. Other alternatives can be used, that are more practical. A Ductless Fan is one such option. A ductless bathroom fan filters air through carbon filters and it will effectively reduce smells.
Here are some more unconventional ways to ventilate a basement
Ductless Fans are generally used in bathrooms that lack a shower or bathtub. Often they are also installed in closets to prevent the “closet smell”.
A ductless fan circulates the air inside the room and thus will not remove moisture. But it can minimize the odor issues faced in a completely closed bathroom.
It does next to nothing in a bathroom with a shower as it cannot expel moisture. If you do install a ductless fan in such a bathroom, it is better to pair it with a window.
Can You Vent a Basement Bathroom out the Wall?
Among the many options available on the market on how to properly ventilate your bathroom, venting through the wall is most practical in basements if there is no existing ventilation shaft going up to the roof.
A bathroom that is next to or close to the outer wall does not require much ductwork. A bathroom surrounded by rooms, on the other hand, requires a lot of ducts and pipes.
A bathroom next to a wall also allows the option for a window along with a vent. Both the exhaust connected to the vent and the window help to properly remove any moisture from the bathroom. It also reduces the chances of the moisture seeping into other rooms.
When drilling in masonry, make sure you buy/rent a quality hole saw as the cheap ones are completely useless!
Also, make sure that the hole saw will cut through at least half of the wall. The hole saw pictured above has a depth of 14″ so it will easily cut through any basement walls/foundation without the need to drill from both sides.
Basement Bathroom Venting Options:
There are various ways to ventilate your home and bathroom, depending upon several factors. These include the location of your house or apartment, budget, type of bathroom, and preference. Some of these options have been stated below:
Exhaust Fan
An exhaust fan is undoubtedly the best way to ventilate your bathroom. It removes all fumes and moisture from the room and prevents mold and strange smells.
To install an exhaust fan, you need to have a vent or have the bathroom connected to the outside wall. The vent needs to open into the outside and not into a closed space. This can further promote mold rather than stopping it.
Through a Window
If you are lucky enough to have a window inside your bathroom, then it is an acceptable way to ventilate. Leaving the window open, when you’re taking a bath and even a little while after, can dispel a large amount of moisture.
The practicality of having a window in your bathroom, though, depends upon the climate in which you live. Keeping a window open in dry or windy areas can indeed help with the humidity inside. But in rainy areas where the humidity levels are already high, a window does not help at all with dispelling the moisture. In this case, it might be better to consider other options.
Dehumidifier
An electrical gadget that extracts and removes water from air is known as a dehumidifier. A dehumidifier is not allowed by code, but if there is absolutely no other way to remove moisture from the room, it will get the job done.
Make sure you choose a model that will drain the water out of the dehumidifier via a hose and not a container model. This is because a dehumidifier with a tank gets filled up often and will soon be left turned off.
11 More Ways to Ventilate a Bathroom
Here I have composed more creative ways one could ventilate a bathroom. Not all of them will be up to code 🙂 But you might get an idea for something more permanent from there.
Conclusion
Basement bathrooms with a shower or a bath require an exhaust fan. In a toilet, without a shower, a ductless fan can be used to mitigate bathroom odors. The most practical way to ventilate a basement bathroom is through the wall. You will need a 4″ masonry hole saw to make the opening. A dehumidifier can be used to help lower the humidity level if there is no way to install a vented bathroom fan.
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Related article: Pros and Cons of a Basement Master Suite